Université de M sila Faculté de technologie Département de genie mécanique 1ere année master toutes options confondues Matière: Anglais technique 1- Grammar exercise. Some areas of language consistently cause difficulty. Some of the main ones have been selected of practice. 1- In the sentences below there are a number of errors: they have been underlined. On the lines beneath each sentence write the whole sentence correctly. a- Table 3 is showing that most of this accidents occurs to young children. b- Each worker pay a small money which is taken from their salary. c-specialist doctors in hospitals can divide into surgeons which operate..the body end another specialists which act as consultants. d- When a country apply for foreign aids.. is because it has no enough resources of its own. e- The number of schools growed gradually till 1995 and then number rised suddenly. 2- In the sentences below there are a number of errors : many of them are similar to the errors made in 1. First, underline the errors and then write the whole sentence correctly. a- If somebody become ill, then can go to local doctor. b- To my opinion, there is many parent which did not take care their children. c- The problem was solve by the introduction of machineries. 2- Function and ability Look and read: Windscreen wiper (cleans the windscreen); battery (stores electricity); steering wheel (steers the car); radiator (stores the cooling liquid); dynamo (generates electricity); engine (provides the power); gearbox (controls the car speed); brake (stops the car). Ask and answer questions: e.g: What does the gearbox do? The gearbox controls the engine power. What is the gearbox used for? The gearbox is used for controlling the engine power. Now complete these sentences by adding the names of the following objects: Thermometer, barometer, microscope; telescope, balance, test-tube, bunsen-burner, clock, sink, stand, funnel, cupboard.
a).is an instrument for measuring time. b).is an instrument for measuring temperature. c).a device for looking at distant objects. d).a place for washing things. e) a device for supplying heat. f).an instrument for weighing things. g).a device for holding chemicals during experiments. h).a place for storing things. i).an instrument for looking at very small things. j).an instrument for pouring things. k) an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure. l).a device for controlling the supply of water. m) a device for supporting things during experiments. 3. Read this description and draw the diagram which it describes : At the top of the diagram there are two horizontal parallel straight lines. At the bottom there is a horizontal spiral. In the middle there is a circle. On each side of the diagram there is a cross. There are two inverted triangles diagonally above the circle, one on the left, the other on the right. The triangles are below the parallel lines. In each triangle there is a dot. Above the spiral and below the circle there is a square. 4- Cause and Effect Rub a match against the side of a match- box : what is the result? Action Result A match is rubbed and as a result it ignites Against the side with the result that Of a match-box, Explanations: Look at this example: Why do matches ignite when rubbed? Matches ignite when rubbed because of friction owing to because friction generates heat. Now write explanations in answer to the following questions. The sentences and phrases on the right will help you. Choose between because and because of /owing to Why are iron objects attracted or repelled? Metal is denser than water Why does wood float on water? Friction produces heat. Why does water enter a pump? A difference in air pressure. Why do objects fall to the ground? Magnetism. Why do metal objects sink in water? Wood is less dense than water. 5- Reading: Read this text, and then do the tasks below it Thermostats Heat causes substances to expand. This is because heat causes the atoms and molecules in the substance to move more quickly. As a consequence, they take up more space. This is true
for gases, liquids and solids, but gases expand much more than liquids, and liquids much more than solids. When a substance is cooled, the molecules slow down and as a result the substance contracts. Thermostats make use of the principle of expansion. The function of a thermostat is to maintain a constant temperature over a period of time. They are used in refrigerators, heating and cooling systems and many industrial processes. When different materials are heated, some expand more than others. For example, if brass is heated by one degree Celsius, it will expand by on fifty-thousandth of its length. Heating copper on the other hand, will cause it to expand by about 90% of this. One kind of thermostat contains a strip of brass and a strip of copper which are joined to form a bimetallic strip. When the strip is heated, the different metals expand by different amounts. As a result, the strip is forced to bend towards the side which expand less. This bending can be used to operate a valve or open and close an electrical circuit. Such a bimetallic strip is used in central heating systems. It switches off the heaters when the air reaches a certain temperature, and switches them on when the temperature falls. One end of the strip can move while the other is fixed. The free end completes an electrical circuit which controls the gas or oil burner. The strip bends as it is heated. At a certain temperature the strip bends sufficiently to break the contact, thereby switching off the burner. When the air cools, the strip contracts until it makes contact and switches the burner on again. Task 1. Which paragraph answers each question? a)- How does a thermostat work? b)- How is central heating controlled? c)- What causes expansion and contraction? d)-what is the function of a thermostat? Task2. Say whether these statements are true or false and explain your answer: a- The molecules in gases can move further than molecules in liquids and solids. b- Only gases expand when heated. c- If copper is heated by one degree Celsius, it will expand by about one forty-five thousandth of its length. d- A bimetallic strip made of copper and brass will bend towards the copper side. 1. Basic technical vocabulary : At the begining of the technical english course it is necessary to introduce some basic grammar and vocabulary. Technical English is different from the English taught at secondary schools. For this reason, the following module provides the basic tools for every student of mechanical engineering to enlarge their knowledge and to work in international surrounding. 1. Tools in the workshop The first and important thing to know is what all tools and machines in the workshop are called. This enables a teacher to give precise instructions to students about what to do and how.
Therefore, the exercises will provide an overview of the content of a toolbox, useful verbs, measurement tools and the most common units that are needed in during working processes. 1.1 Measuring : 1.2 When it comes to measuring work pieces, there are various methods and many tols available for this task. The first differentiation has to be made between gauges and measurement equipment. The first represent either a measurement or a form that refers to limit dimensions of tolerances. Thes have to be fulfilled in fits and usually just provide information about whether a fit is whithin the limit of tolerances or not. This group includes gauging tools, e.g. slip gauges and accidences, straightedges, square and limit gauges, cylindrical plug gauges, gauging rings and calliper gauges. The latter can be used for aquiring information on the measurement of a work piece and provide information on the length, width and depth of the outer or inner edges of a work piece, hole or slot. The most common instruments in mechanical engineering are vernier callipers or calliper rules which can be used universally in a workshop. They provide informations on lengths and are precise to 0.1 mm. If it comes to smaller tolerances, micrometers are usually used. They measure accurately to within 0.001 mm. 1.2 Common units For a very long time every country has used its own measurement system, and units which led to a lot of problems, as the measurements of a work piece were not comparable to each other. In an internationally opertaing industry, a stanadrized measurement system is absolutely essential and for this reason the international system of units (SI- units) has been developed from metric system. Engineers in the united kinkdom still often use the imperial system instead of the metric one, which is now the international standard system. Therefore, every engineer should at least have basic knowledge of the units of the imperial system and how the conversion between the two systems works. 1.3 Household tools - Look at the picture of a household tools Use the words from the box to label the tools. Mallet, handsaw, sandpaper, drill, hammer, coping saw, screws, nails, hacksaw, tape measure, vise, screwdriver, file, chisel, toolbox, wrench, monkey wrench, pliers, bit, chuck, bolt, nut, washer, a pair of scissors, plane, bradawl.